Development of infants aged 0-11 months

The first few years of life are important and influential times in the stage of a baby's development, especially for the first 1 year of age. This was revealed by Briggs, Psy.D., a leader of the Healthy Steps program at Montefiore Medical Center in New York. In order to know the extent of your little one's development, consider the baby's developmental stages according to his age.

The importance of knowing the baby's development

Every month, the baby will show new developments that support his abilities later. As a parent you need to know every baby's development and growth, in order to know whether he has followed the right "path" or not.

Quoted from Michigan Medicine, starting from birth until the age of 12 months or one year, babies continue to develop according to their age. This development is seen from the skills and abilities that can be carried out slowly.

However, keep in mind that the stages of development of a newborn every month cannot be generalized. This is because their health conditions are different.

So, don't worry quickly if your little one doesn't show the same development as children his age.

Who knows, babies may actually develop other skills that other children may not show according to their age.

Infant development until 1 year of age

Broadly speaking, the following is a description of the baby's developmental stages from month to month based on the Denver II child development chart:

The development of a newborn up to 3 months of age

A baby's development at this age usually includes:

• Move your feet and hands at the same time.
• Raises the head and chest when he is in a prone position.
• Raises the head 90 degrees.
• Responds when you hear the sound of a bell.
• Being able to say "ooh" and "aah".
• Able to laugh and squeal loudly.
• Can distinguish between recognized sounds and other sounds.
• Start looking for the source of the incoming sound.
• Able to put his hands together.

Baby's gross motor skills

Since the beginning of birth, your little one actually has gross motor skills, which is being able to move his arms and legs simultaneously.

Stepping the baby 4 weeks or 1 month of age, your little one's development can be seen by starting to learn to raise his head around 45 degrees.

Until finally at the age of 1 month 3 weeks baby, he was more reliable to lift his head 45 degrees. The development of the ability of this one baby continues to improve, so that then he is able to lift his head 90 degrees at the age of 2 months 3 weeks.

One week later, at the age of 3 months or 12 weeks, you will see your little one sitting up. However, he will still need the back of a pillow or your hands to help support his body.

Infant communication and language skills

Crying by babies is the only language and communication skill that can be done since he was just born. Furthermore, you will hear other developments from your little one when he fluently says "ooh" and "aah" at the baby stage of 1 month 3 weeks.

Entering the baby's age of 2 months and 2 weeks, you will feel so happy when you hear your little one's development as if he is able to laugh. Then at 2 months and 3 weeks of age, she can squeal loudly to show what she wants.

As a baby's development stage, at 3 months of age you should communicate more with your little one. This is intended as a way to improve language development.

Baby's fine motor skills

You will see the stage of fine motor development of your baby when he is able to successfully play his hands at 2 months or 8 weeks of age. However, this cannot be done smoothly.

Only when he was a baby 2 months 3 weeks, your baby can really understand the function of his hands, such as clapping. The baby's fine motor development seems to be getting better because he is able to hold his own toys at the age of 3 months 3 weeks.

Baby's social and emotional abilities

Although every child has different developments, in general, newborns up to 3 months of age will often seem to laugh to themselves a lot.

So, don't be surprised when you see a newborn who is smiling to himself, even if you don't ask him to joke.

Like adults, babies smile because they are responding to something or are feeling good. The development of this ability can usually be done by your little one when the baby is 1 month 3 weeks old.

In fact, the smile that the baby gives is no longer spontaneous that comes from stimulation of the brain. Babies can also smile because they respond to various things they see, which are usually done smoothly since the baby was 5 weeks or 1 month 1 week.

In addition, babies will also respond to sound stimuli that appear, such as the voice of mother, father, or toys. The development response that your little one gives at this age is with a smile.

Right at the age of 3 months, your baby has been able to recognize his own hands.

Development of infants aged 4 to 6 months

At this age, babies are usually able to carry out various activities, such as:

• Raise your own head.
• Sit yourself well, but still need a little backrest.
• Able to hold the body with the legs or chest while in a prone position.
• Roll over.
• Change position from lying down to sitting, or from standing to sitting.
• Say "ooh" and "aah".
• Laugh out loud when invited to joke or talk.
• Screeched and changed voice as if to speak.
• Putting his hands together.
• Holds toys or other objects and plays.
• Follow or look at anything in any direction.
• Seeing and looking at the faces of the people around him about 180 degrees.
• Trying to pick up toys or objects that are far from their reach
• Recognizing the faces of the people closest to him.
• Smile to yourself or respond to someone else's smile.
• Starting to be given complementary foods at the age of 6 months.

Baby's gross motor skills

Around the age of 3 months, usually the stages of a baby's development are seen when he is learning to hone gross motor skills in the form of holding body weight with his legs and chest while lying on his stomach.

However, at the age of 3 months and 3 weeks, he is only able to support his body weight with his feet.

Meanwhile, the prone position can be done smoothly when the baby is 4 months 1 week old. At this age too, you will see the growth and development of your little one who manages to get up from a lying to sitting position properly.

The baby's gross motor development stage also includes rolling over. In fact, he will begin to learn to roll at the age of 2 months 2 weeks baby. It's just that, your baby is really able to roll over when he is 4 months 2 weeks old.

Around 6 months 1 week of age, you will notice your baby can sit up on their own without needing help. Then the baby begins to learn to be able to stand up and hold it at 6 months and 3 weeks of age.

Infant communication and language skills

Having managed to laugh and scream at his previous age, he is now learning to start talking. But first, he will practice changing his voice first from over 3 months of age.

Only at the age of 5 months 2 weeks, babies are able to change their voice really like talking.

Right at the age of the baby 6 months or 24 weeks, the development of the baby is able to imitate the sound he just heard. Even entering the baby's age 6 months 3 weeks, you will hear the first vocabulary words from the baby's mouth, for example, "a", "i", "u".

Baby's fine motor skills

Walking to the age of 5 months 1 week baby, you will see a significant development of the baby, namely being able to reach or pick up objects around him. Then at the age of 5 months and 3 weeks, your little one begins to learn to find threads, toys, and other objects.

Until the baby is 6 months old, his fine motor development stage is getting better. She can start learning how to handle the food that was given to her when she started solids.

This ability continues until the baby is 6 months 2 weeks old, your baby is usually able to find or collect objects around him.

Baby's social and emotional abilities

Around 4 months or 16 weeks of age your baby starts learning to play with his own toys. It's just that, he was only able to do well when the baby was 5 months 1 week old.

Furthermore, even at the age of 6 months, the baby can already get replacement food for breast milk. Let the baby practice the development of his own eating skills in his baby dining chair.

The development of babies aged 7-9 months

At this age, your baby has started to be able to do various things such as:

• Change position from lying down to sitting, from standing to sitting, and from sitting to standing.
• Sit alone without needing or being held by anyone else.
• Babies stand alone with their hands still holding on to other people or objects around them.
• Learn to say "mama" or "breast" but it's not clear.
• Babbling and saying "ooh" and "aah".
• Forms a clearer voice.
• Saying single syllables and syllable combinations.
• Grabbing and holding certain toys or objects.
• Take objects that are small.
• Eat alone even though it's still messy.
• Waving hand to signify farewell.

Gross motor skills

In the 7-9 month age range, the baby's development stage has been shown to be able to maintain a good balance. This can be seen when he tried to get up to stand up from the previous sitting position.

Right at the age of the baby 9 months or 36 weeks, your baby seems to be able to do it smoothly. After one week, you will be amazed to see the development of the gross motor skills of the baby who has been in the stage of being able to change positions from sitting to sitting.

The development of this change in position can be carried out by babies smoothly at the age of 9 months 1 week.

Communication and language skills

Babies seem to start smoothly combining vocabulary as a way of communicating, at the age of 7 months 2 weeks. For example, by saying "ba-ba", "ga-ga", "ja-ja", and so on.

He looked even more proud at the age of 7 months and 3 weeks when he managed to pronounce “dada” and “mama”, even though it wasn't so clear.

Until then, at the age of 8 months and 1 week, the development of the other little ones had heard a lot of babbling the various words he was able to pronounce.

Fine motor skills

A baby's fine motor development is in a smooth stage in giving the object he is holding to another person right at the age of the baby at 7 months or 28 weeks.

A week after that, at the age of 7 months and 1 week, your little one's development is quite rapid because he can pick up and hold two objects at once.

You will see the development of fine motor skills of your little one getting better. It is proven that since the age of a baby of 7 months and 3 weeks, he began to learn how to hit two objects he was holding.

When the baby is 8 months 1 week old, the baby's developmental stage begins to be seen learning to pinch or pick up objects using his thumb.

Social and emotional skills

Over the age of 7 months, to be precise at 7 months and 3 weeks of age, the baby's social and emotional development has entered the stage of learning to wave hands. It's just that, he can't reflex to do it yet, or he still needs help.

Later, you will see he is getting better at waving his hand as a sign of goodbye at the age of 9 months 1 week.

It is also at this age that the baby's emotional development stage begins to appear capable of expressing his desire for something. Even so, he still needed time to be able to convey this well.

Stages of development for babies aged 10-11 months

The development of the baby at this stage of age, has been able to carry out various activities such as:

• Change from lying down to sitting, then sitting to standing, and back to sitting.
• Can express his wish other than crying.
• Using childish language, perhaps in the form of an obscure homemade foreign language.
• Say 1-3 words other than "mama" or "papa", but not so clear.
• Chattering a lot of things.
• Grabbing and grasping objects around it.
• Hitting two objects each in his hand.
• Wave hands.
• Almost able to mimic the activities of other people.
• Eat by yourself even though it's still messy.
• Smile alone and with others.
• Almost can play ball with your help.

Gross motor skills

Entering the baby's age of 10 months or 40 weeks, the baby's gross motor development has entered a stage where he begins to learn to stand on his own without the need to hold on. Usually, he is able to hold on for about 2 seconds, before finally needing to hold on again.

One month later, when the baby was 11 months, he was only really able to stand on his own for 2 seconds.

She is also in the process of learning to bend over and then get back up. At this age too, your baby is training his ability to run smoothly.

In fact, there are babies who are able to walk before turning 12 months of age, even though they are not smooth enough.

Communication and language skills

At the age of 9 months and 1 week, the baby's language and communication development has entered the stage of being able to pronounce “dada” and “mama” fluently.

But usually, at 11 months of age, your little one can really say “mama” and “breast” more clearly.

Fine motor skills

The development of your little one's ability when picking up objects with his thumb looks getting better. Proven at the age of a baby of 9 months 2 weeks, your little one is able to do it perfectly.

In addition, he can also hit two objects, each of which he is holding with his hand. When the baby is 11 months or 44 weeks old, your little one learns to put objects into containers. However, it has not succeeded in doing it smoothly.

Social and emotional skills

At the age of 11 months, the baby's social and emotional development is in a stage where he is having fun imitating the activities he sees. Increasingly, he seemed more and more able to express his desires.

Especially when the baby is 11 months and 1 week old, he can babble or cry. Interestingly, you will see your little one's development of being able to roll a ball with the help of other people at the 12 month stage.

Child development problems that can occur

Judging from what has been explained above, there are several categories of infant development. These categories of abilities are gross motor, fine motor, communication, cognitive, social and emotional.

Even though each baby develops at his or her own time, don't forget to keep an eye out for possible developmental problems. Here are some developmental problems in your little one that can occur:

Gross motor development problems

A baby's gross motor skills are skills related to the coordination of movement between large muscles. For example rolling over, sitting, standing and walking.

The following are problems with gross motor development in babies:

• Haven't been able to move the legs and arms at the same time.
• It's hard to roll over.
• The baby's muscles feel tighter and tighter.
• Haven't been able to fully sit down or need help.
• Not able to stand alone even though holding on.

Fine motor development problems

The problem with the development of your little one from fine motor skills is the disruption in the coordination of the small muscles of the baby. Including the fingers, wrists, to the overall hand function.

• Difficulty holding your palms together when you are 4 months old.
• Not able to reach and pick up objects around him.
• Not able to take and put objects into the container.
• Can't arrange toys yet

Communication and language development problems

Babies who experience delays in communicating can have oral-motor problems.

This occurs when there is a problem in an area of ​​the brain that is supposed to support the developmental stage of a baby's language and speech.

• Not yet able to laugh and also scream.
• Does not respond when there is a loud sound around it.
• Hasn't made an “ooh” or “aaah” sound yet.
• There is no sign of imitating the sound.
• Does not respond to words or when spoken to.

Emotional development problems

In babies, emotional development appears when he is able to smile and respond to calls from other people. Having problems with the baby's emotional development makes it difficult to express and control emotions, such as:

• You don't see a smile or a laugh when you joke around.
• Difficult to entertain and communicate.
• Not yet seen facial expressions nor enthusiasm.

Cognitive development problems

Babies' cognitive developmental abilities are a way to think, collect information, remember, manage information, solve problems, and others related to the brain.

Here are various problems that usually arise related to cognitive:

• Does not recognize taste, smell, and vision problems.
• Does not show curiosity about certain objects.
• Has not shown the ability to recognize other objects or people.

In essence, every baby has a different developmental stage according to their age.

However, when your little one hasn't been able to do something at the age it should be, this doesn't always mean it's abnormal. To be sure, consult your trusted pediatrician.

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