Cisplatin: functions, dosage, side effects, how to use

Use

What is cisplatin for?

Cisplatin is used to treat many types of cancer. This is a chemotherapy drug that contains platinum. Used alone or in combination with other drugs to slow or stop the growth of cancer cells.

How is cisplatin used?

Follow the rules given by your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment. If you have any questions, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

This medication is usually given by injection into a vein by a health care professional. The dosage is based on medical condition, body size, and response to treatment. Cisplatin treatment should not be given more than once every 3 to 4 weeks. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details.

During treatment with this medicine, it is important that you get more fluids and urinate frequently to avoid the side effects of kidney disease. Intravenous fluids should be given with this medicine. Also, ask your doctor how much fluid you should drink and follow these instructions carefully.

If this medicine gets on your skin, clean your skin immediately with soap and water.

How is cisplatin stored?

This medication is best stored at room temperature, away from direct light and damp places. Don't keep it in the bathroom. Don't freeze it. Other brands of this drug may have different storage rules. Observe the storage instructions on the product package or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medicines away from children and pets.

Do not flush medicines down the toilet or down the drain unless instructed to do so. Discard this product when it has expired or when it is no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company about how to safely dispose of your product.

Dose

The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment.

What is the cisplatin dosage for adults?

Standard adult dosage for testicular cancer:

20 mg / m2 intravenously once a day for 5 days per cycle (in combination with other antineoplastic drugs).

Standard adult dosage for ovarian cancer:

75 to 100 mg / m2 intravenously once every 4 weeks (in combination with cyclophosphamide for the treatment of metastatic ovarian cancer).

Alternatively, 100 mg / m2 intravenously once every 4 weeks can be given (as the sole agent for the treatment of metastatic ovarian cancer).

If the ovarian cancer is located in the peritoneal cavity, the following regimen can be used:

60 to 90 mg / m2 in 2 liters of 0.9% sodium chloride solution or one intraperitoneal Ringer's lactate injection.

Alternatively, 90 to 270 mg / m2 2 liters of 0.9% sodium chloride solution or intraperitoneal Ringer's lactate injection can be given once (given intravenously with sodium thiosulfate to reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity associated with these high doses).

Standard adult dosage for bladder cancer:

50 to 70 mg / m2 given intravenously once every 3 to 4 weeks (as the sole agent for the treatment of advanced bladder cancer in patients without an extensive history of X-radiation or chemotherapy).

Alternatively, 50 mg / m2 intravenously over 6 to 8 hours every 4 weeks can be given (as the sole intermediate for advanced bladder cancer for patients without an extensive history of X-radiation or chemotherapy).

Standard adult dosage for neuroblastoma:

60 to 100 mg / m2 once every 3 to 4 weeks

Standard adult dosage for osteogenic sarcoma:

60 to 100 mg / m2 once every 3 to 4 weeks

Standard adult dosage for brain / intracranial tumors:

60 mg / m2 once daily for two consecutive days every 3 to 4 weeks

Standard adult dosage for bone marrow transplant:

Continuous infusion: high dose: 55 mg / m2 / day for 72 hours (total dose = 165 mg / m2)

Standard adult dosage for blood cell transplant:

Continuous infusion: high dose: 55 mg / m2 / day for 72 hours (total dose = 165 mg / m2)

Standard adult dosage for lung cancer cells is not small:

60 to 100 mg / m2 intravenously on the first day every 21 days (in combination with other antineoplastic drugs).

What is the dose of cisplatin for children?

There is no provision for the dosage of this drug for children (less than 18 years). This medicine can be dangerous for children. It is important to understand the safety of drugs before use. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

In what dosage is cisplatin available?

Cisplatin is available in the following dosages:

Injection 200 mg / 200 mL; 100 mg / 100 mL; 50 mg / 50 mL

Side effects

What side effects can be experienced due to cisplatin?

Seek medical help immediately if you experience an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Call your doctor if you experience:

• Hearing or vision problems, eye pain
• Difficulty walking or doing daily activities
• Feelings of numbness, tingling, or coldness in the hands or feet
• Drowsiness, mood changes, increased thirst, infrequent or absent urination
• Swelling, weight gain, shortness of breath
• Pale skin, irritability, abnormal bleeding (nose, mouth, vagina, or rectum), purple or reddish spots under the skin
• Fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms, sore mouth and throat
• Severe or persistent vomiting
• Chest pain or tightness, pain radiating to the jaw or arm, nausea, sweating, general pain
• Sudden numbness or weakness (especially on one side of the body), sudden headaches, problems with speech or balance
• Low calcium (numbness or tingling sensation around the mouth, muscle tension or contraction, excessive reflexes)
• High or low potassium (confusion, tingling feeling, slow or irregular heartbeat, weak pulse, excessive thirst, increased urination, discomfort in the legs, muscle weakness or feeling sluggish)
• Low sodium (slurred speech, hallucinations, muscle cramps, loss of coordination, feeling unbalanced, fainting, convulsions, shortness of breath or stopping)

Common side effects include:

• Reduced sense of taste
• Feel tired
• Temporary hair loss
• Pain, swelling, burning, or irritation around the affected area of ​​the IV needle.

Not everyone experiences the following side effects. There may be some side effects not listed above. If you have concerns about certain side effects, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Precautions & Warnings

What should be known before using cisplatin?

In deciding to use this drug, the risks of using the drug must be weighed carefully with the benefits obtained later. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this remedy, here's what you need to consider:

Allergy

Tell your doctor if you have had any different reactions or are allergic to this or any other medicine. And tell your doctor if you have certain allergies, such as to food, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For over-the-counter products, read the labels or ingredients on the packaging carefully.

Children

Hearing problems or loss of balance are more likely in children, who are more sensitive to the effects of cisplatin.

Elderly

Many drugs have not been studied, especially in the elderly. Therefore, it is not known whether these drugs work exactly the same in young adults or if they cause different side effects or problems in the elderly. There is no specific information comparing the use of this drug in other age groups.

Is cisplatin safe for pregnant and lactating women?

There is no adequate research on the risks of using this drug in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Always consult your doctor to weigh the potential benefits and risks before using this medication. This drug is included in the risk of pregnancy category D according to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

The following references the pregnancy risk categories according to the FDA:

• A = No risk,
• B = not at risk in several studies,
• C = May be risky,
• D = There is positive evidence of risk,
• X = Contraindicated,
• N = Unknown

Interaction

What medicines may interact with cisplatin?

Drug interactions can change the performance of your medications or increase the risk of serious side effects. Not all possible drug interactions are listed in this document. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription / non-prescription drugs and herbal products) and consult your doctor or pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without your doctor's approval.

Although some drugs should not be taken at the same time, in other cases some drugs can also be used together even though interactions may occur. In such cases, the doctor may change the dose, or take other preventive measures as needed. Tell your doctor if you are taking any other over-the-counter or prescription drugs.

Using this medication with any of the following drugs is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this drug or change some of the medicines you have used.

• Rotavirus vaccine, live

Using this medication with any of the following drugs is usually not recommended, but may be needed in some cases. If both drugs are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or the frequency with which you use one or both drugs.

• Adenovirus Type 4 Vaccine, Live
• Adenovirus Vaccine Type 7, Live
• Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine, Live
• Doxorubicin
• Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome
• Furosemide
• Influenza Virus Vaccine, Live
• Measles Virus Vaccine, Live
• Mumps Virus Vaccine, Live
• Paclitaxel
• Rituximab
• Rubella Virus Vaccine, Live
• Smallpox Vaccine
• Tacrolimus
• Thioctic Acid
• Topotecan
• Typhoid Vaccine
• Valproic Acid
• Varicella Virus Vaccine
• Vinorelbine
• Yellow Fever Vaccine

Using this medication with one of the following drugs will increase your risk of certain side effects, but taking the two drugs together may be the best treatment for you. If both drugs are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both drugs.

• Aldesleukin
• Docetaxel
• Fosphenytoin
• Lithium
• Phenytoin
• Tobramycin
• Warfarin

Can food or alcohol interact with cisplatin?

Certain drugs should not be used with meals or when eating certain foods because drug interactions can occur. Consuming alcohol or tobacco with certain drugs can also cause interactions to occur. Discuss your use of drugs with food, alcohol, or tobacco with your health care provider.

What health conditions can interact with cisplatin?

The presence of other health problems in your body may affect the use of this medicine. Tell your doctor if you have other health problems, in particular:

• Smallpox (including those recently contracted).
• Herpes zoster (shingles) - risk in severe disease that can affect other parts of the body.
• Have a history of gout.
• Have a history of kidney stones — Cisplatin can increase uric acid levels in the body, which can lead to gout or kidney stones.
• Hearing problems — can get worse with cisplatin
• Infection — Cisplatin decreases the body's ability to fight infection
• Kidney disease — the effect of cisplatin may increase because the drug leaves the body slowly.

Overdose

What should I do in an emergency or overdose?

In case of an emergency or overdose, contact the local emergency services provider (112) or immediately to the nearest hospital emergency department.

Symptoms of an overdose include:

• The frequency of urination decreases
• Swelling of the face, arms, hands, feet, ankles, lower legs
• Feelings of tiredness or weakness that are not normal
• Hanging on the skin or eyes
• Pain in the upper right abdomen
• Nausea
• Throws up
• Unusual sores or bleeding
• Hearing problems
• Sudden changes in vision
• Fever, sore throat, chills, or other signs of infection
• Pain, burning, numbness or tingling sensation in the hands or feet

What should I do if I miss a dose?

If you forget a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, when it is nearing the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the usual dosing schedule. Don't double the dose.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.