Hyperdontia, excess teeth in the mouth & bull; hello healthy

Definition

What is hyperdontia?

Hyperdontia is a mouth condition characterized by an excessive number of teeth, in which a person has more than 20 primary teeth or more than 32 permanent teeth. These additional teeth are called supernumerary teeth.

Primary teeth are groups of teeth that grow in a person's mouth, generally until the age of 36 months, and fall off when a person is around 12 years of age. Permanent teeth then appear to replace primary teeth and usually fully develop once a person reaches 21 years of age.

Supernumereary teeth can appear in any part of the dental arch, but usually permanent supernumerary teeth, anterior incisors, in the maxillary arch (top). After the maxillary incisors, the maxillary and mandibular (lower arch) 4th molars were the supernumerary teeth which were also the most common. Teeth usually appear as additional wisdom teeth. The maxillary incisors are called mesiodens, and the 4th additional molars are referred to as distodens or dystomolar. Additional primary teeth that appear at or after birth are called natal teeth.

How common is hyperdontia?

In a survey of 2,000 school children, it was found that supernumerary teeth accounted for 0.8% of the growth of primary teeth and in 2.1% of the growth of permanent teeth.

This condition can be single or multiple, unilateral or bilateral, grows with partially covered gums, or in 1 or 2 jaws.

Multiple supernumerary teeth rarely occurs in individuals without the associated disease or syndrome. This condition is commonly associated with increased supernumerary teeth, including cleft lip and palate, cleidocranial dysplasia, and Gardner syndrome. The supernumerary teeth associated with cleft lip and palate are caused by fragmentation of the dental lamina during cleft formation.

The frequency of supernumerary permanent teeth in the cleft area in children with unilateral cleft lip or palate or both was found to be 22.2%. The supernumerary frequency in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia ranges from 22% in the maxillary incissor area to 5% in the molar area.

Although there is no significant gender division in supernumerary primary teeth, men experience this condition about 2 times more often than women in permanent dentition.

However, this condition can be treated by reducing the risk factors. Talk to your doctor for more information.

Signs & symptoms

What are the signs and symptoms of hyperdontia?

Pain and fever are the main symptoms of hyperdontia.

This condition is classified into 4 groups based on morphology and location.

This condition can be conical, tuberculate, supplemental or odontome. The odontome type can be "complex, composite or compound-composite":

• Conical

It is conical in shape and is most often found anteriorly.

• Tuberculate

Conical similar but with 2 or more protrusions. This condition is rare and usually occurs in pairs.

• Supplemental

It usually looks like a duplicate of a normal anterior, or sometimes posterior, tooth

• Odontome

Dental irregularities are also sometimes referred to as a type of hematoma or tumor. This condition involves epithelial and mesenchymal differences in which enamel and dentin are formed but with an unidentified shape. Odontomes can reach large sizes and interfere with teething in adjacent areas.

The location of the supernumerary teeth is most commonly found anteriorly (mesiodens) but occasionally appears in the posterior area of ​​the mouth.

There may be signs and symptoms not listed above. If you have concerns about a particular symptom, consult your doctor.

When should I see a doctor?

If you have any signs or symptoms above or any other questions, please consult your doctor. Everyone's body is different. Always consult a doctor to treat your health condition.

Cause

What causes hyperdontia?

There is evidence of hereditary factors as well as some evidence of environmental factors causing this condition. Although one excess tooth is quite common, multiple hyperdontia is rare in people without any associated disease or symptoms. Many supernumerary teeth do not appear, but they block the appearance of surrounding teeth or cause other oral and dental problems. The excess molars are the rarest type. Dental X-rays are often used to diagnose hyperdontia.

It is known that the supernumerary teeth arise from the bud of the third tooth which emerges from the dental lamina near the bud of the common tooth. Supernumerary teeth in baby teeth are less often found in permanent teeth.

Risk factors

What increases my risk for hyperdontia?

Parents or relatives who have this condition are the most common risk factors for this disease. Some researchers suspect that a contaminated environment also accelerates the disease.

Medicines & Medicines

The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor.

How is hyperdontia diagnosed?

Occasionally, supernumerary teeth have no symptoms and can be detected on radiographs. A detailed history, clinical examination, thorough investigation, early diagnosis and proper treatment of the supernumerary teeth are required. Supernumerary teeth that do not grow can be detected by radiographic examination.

Occasionally, clinicians may suspect supernumerary teeth if there is failure of growth or ectopic growth of permanent teeth, persistence of decidious teeth, wide diastema and additional teeth. Anterior occlusal or periapical radiograph using paralleling techniques and panoramic view is the most useful radiographic investigation for visualizing supernumerary teeth. Now, computed tomography has also been used to detect the presence of supernumerary teeth.

What are the treatments for hyperdontia?

Treatment depends on the type and position of the supernumerary teeth and their effect on potential effects on the surrounding teeth. The treatment of supernumerary teeth should create a comprehensive treatment plan and should not be performed in isolation.

Indications for removal of supernumerary teeth

Supernumerary tooth removal is recommended if:

• Late or obstructed central incisor eruption
• The appearance of a dislocated central incisor
• Associated pathology
• A row of active teeth on the incisors close to the supernumerary teeth
• The presence of supernumerary teeth can affect secondary alveolar bone grafting in patients with cleft lip and palate
• There is a tooth on the bone for the implant placement
• Spontaneous eruption of supernumerary teeth

Indication for monitoring without removal of the supernumerary teeth

Extraction is not always a treatment option for supernumerary teeth. Conditions can be monitored without removal where:

• Teeth appear well
• There is no active orthodontic treatment
• There is no pathology associated
• Extraction can affect the vitality of the tooth concerned.

Home remedies

What are some lifestyle changes or home remedies that can be used to treat hyperdontia?

Maintaining the best possible health is important to prevent hyperdontia because it is not known that the most effective prevention is known.

If you have any questions, consult your doctor for the best solution to your problem.