Tobramycin: functions, dosage, side effects, how to use

What Drug Tobramycin?

What is tobramycin for?

Tobramycin is a drug used to prevent or treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. Tobramycin belongs to a class of drugs known as aminoglycoside antibiotics. It works by stopping bacterial growth.

How to use tobramycin?

This medication is given by injection into a vein or muscle as directed by your doctor, usually every 8 hours. Dosage is based on your medical condition, body weight, and response to treatment. Laboratory tests (such as kidney function, blood drug levels) can be done to help find the best dose for your condition.

If you are giving this medication to yourself at home, learn all the preparation and instructions for use from your healthcare professional. Before use, inspect this product visually for particles or discoloration. If it is present, do not use liquid medicine. Learn how to store and dispose of medical supplies safely.

Antibiotics work best when the amount of medicine in your body is at a constant level. Therefore, use this medication at regular intervals.

Continue to use this medication until the prescribed amount is finished, even if symptoms have disappeared after a few days. Stopping treatment too early allows bacteria to continue growing, which can result in a return of infection.

Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or gets worse.

Follow the rules given by your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment. If you have any questions, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

How is tobramycin stored?

This medication is best stored at room temperature, away from direct light and damp places. Don't keep it in the bathroom. Don't freeze it. Other brands of this drug may have different storage rules. Observe the storage instructions on the product package or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medicines away from children and pets.

Do not flush medicines down the toilet or down the drain unless instructed to do so. Discard this product when it has expired or when it is no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company about how to safely dispose of your product.

Tobramycin dosage

The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment.

What is the dose of tobramycin for adults?

Adult Dose for Bacteremia:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Intraabdominal Infection:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Osteomyelitis:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Pneumonia:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Pyelonephritis:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Skin Infections or Soft Tissue Infection:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Bacterial Infection:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Sepsis:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Burns - External:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Cystic Fibrosis:

Parenteral:

IV: 5 to 10 mg / kg / day IV in 2 to 4 divided doses or 10 to 15 mg / kg / day IV in 3 to 4 divided doses; alternatively, 7 to 15 mg / kg IV every 24 hours has been used

Inhalation :

Solution inhalation: 300 mg via a nebulizer for about 15 minutes twice a day

Powder inhalation: Using a podhaler (TM) device, inhale the contents of four 28 mg capsules twice daily

Duration of therapy: 28 days

Adult Dose for Endocarditis:

serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Meningitis:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

Adult Dose for Peritonitis:

Serious infections: 1 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Life-threatening infections: Up to 5 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 3 or 4 equal doses; However, the dose should be reduced to 3 mg / kg / day as soon as possible from clinical indications.

What is the dose of tobramycin for children?

Children's Dose for Bacterial Infections:

Recommendations from manufacturers:

Premature full-term neonates or 1 week of age or less: Up to 4 mg / kg / day can be given IV or IM in 2 equal doses every 12 hours.

Over 1 week of age: 6-7.5 mg / kg / day IV or IM in 3 or 4 divided doses (2 to 2.5 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours or 1.5-1.89 mg / kg IV or IM every 6 hours).

Children's Dose for Cystic Fibrosis:

Parenteral:

IV or IM: 2.5 mg / kg IV or IM every 6 hours or 3.3 mg / kg IV or IM every 8 hours

Inhalation:

6 years or older:

Solution inhalation: 300 mg via a nebulizer for about 15 minutes twice a day

Powder inhalation: Using a podhaler (TM) device, inhale the contents of four 28 mg capsules twice daily

Duration of therapy: 28 days

In what dosage is tobramycin available?

• solution
• powder for solution
• ophthalmic

Tobramycin side effects

What side effects can be experienced due to tobramycin?

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of this allergic reaction: hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Tobramycin can damage nerves and can cause hearing loss that may be permanent. Tell your doctor right away if you experience:

• numbness, tingling, muscle stiffness or involuntary twitching
• dizziness, spinning sensation, convulsions
• hearing loss, or buzzing or roaring sound in your ears (even after you have stopped using tobramycin injection).

Call your doctor if you experience:

• swelling, rapid weight gain, little or no urination
• confusion, loss of appetite, vomiting, pain in your side or lower back
• fever
• severe skin reaction - fever, sore throat, swelling of the face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially on the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.

Common side effects may include:

• headache
• lack of energy
• mild rash or hives
• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• pain where the drug was injected

Not everyone experiences the following side effects. There may be some side effects not listed above. If you have concerns about certain side effects, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Tobramycin Drug Warnings and Cautions

What should be known before using tobramycin?

In deciding to use a drug, the risks of using the drug must be weighed against its benefits. This is up to you and your doctor. For tobramycin, the following should be considered:

Allergy

Tell your doctor if you have had any unusual or allergic reactions to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to food, coloring, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package of ingredients carefully.

Children

The precise studies carried out to date have not demonstrated a specific problem in children that would limit the usefulness of tobramycin injections in children. However, this drug should be used with caution in premature babies and in newborns.

Elderly

The precise studies carried out to date have not demonstrated a specific problem in the elderly that would limit the usefulness of tobramycin injection in elderly patients. However, elderly patients are more likely to experience unwanted effects and have kidney problems, which may require caution and an adjustment in the dose for patients receiving tobramycin injections.

Is tobramycin safe for pregnant and lactating women?

There are no adequate studies regarding the risks of using this drug in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Always consult your doctor to weigh the potential benefits and risks before using this medication. This drug is included in the risk of pregnancy category D according to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

The following references the pregnancy risk categories according to the FDA:

• A = No risk,
• B = not at risk in several studies,
• C = May be risky,
• D = There is positive evidence of risk,
• X = Contraindicated,
• N = Unknown

Tobramycin Drug Interactions

What medicines may interact with tobramycin?

Although certain drugs should not be used simultaneously, in other cases two different drugs can be used together even if interactions are possible. In this case, your doctor may want to change the dose, or take other precautions that may be needed. Tell your health care professional if you are taking prescription drugs or other drugs on the market.

Using this medication with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this drug or change some of the other medicines you use.

• Amifampridine

Using this medication with any of the following medicines is not usually recommended, but may be necessary in some cases. If the two drugs are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or change how often you use one or both drugs.

• Alcuronium
• Atracurium
• Cidofovir
• Cisatracurium
• Colistemethate Sodium
• Decamethonium
• Doxacurium
• Ethacrynic Acid
• Fazadinium
• Foscarnet
• Furosemide
• Gallamine
• Hexafluorenium
• Lysine
• Mannitol
• Metocurine
• Mivacurium
• Pancuronium
• Pipecuronium
• Rapacuronium
• Rocuronium
• Succinylcholine
• Tacrolimus
• Tubocurarine
• Vancomycin
• Vecuronium

Using this medication with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If the two drugs are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or change how often you use one or both drugs.

• Cisplatin
• Cyclosporine

Can food or alcohol interact with tobramycin?

Certain drugs should not be used with meals or when eating certain foods because drug interactions can occur. Consuming alcohol or tobacco with certain drugs can also cause interactions to occur. Discuss your use of drugs with food, alcohol, or tobacco with your health care provider.

What health conditions can interact with tobramycin?

The presence of other health problems in your body may affect the use of this drug. Tell your doctor if you have other health problems, especially:

• asthma
• sulfite allergy, a history of skin allergy - this medicine contains sodium bisulfite which can cause an allergic reaction in patients with this condition
• extensive burns
• cystic fibrosis - use with caution. Your doctor may need to change your dose if you have this condition
• kidney disease - high blood pressure levels due to tobramycin can result in an increased risk of serious side effects
• kidney disease, severe
• muscle problems
• myasthenia gravis (severe muscle weakness)
• nerve problems
• Parkinson's disease - use with caution. It might make things worse.

Tobramycin overdose

What should I do in an emergency or overdose?

In case of an emergency or overdose, contact the local emergency services provider (112) or immediately to the nearest hospital emergency department.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

If you forget a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, when it is nearing the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the usual dosing schedule. Don't double the dose.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.