4 Deadly infectious infections in Indonesia & bull; hello healthy

Deadly contagious infections are not diseases to be taken lightly. However, often times, the sufferer underestimates the infection. In fact, infection is not always a mild disease and easy to cure. In fact, in Indonesia, there are several types of deadly infectious diseases caused by infections. Anything?

Don't underestimate infectious diseases

Infection in a person occurs when foreign organisms enter the body and cause damage. These foreign organisms make use of the human body to survive, reproduce and colonize. Examples of these foreign organisms called pathogens are bacteria, viruses, fungi, and prions. Pathogens can reproduce and adapt very quickly in the body.

Some infections are mild and not easily recognized, but some are serious and can cause death. In fact, there are several types of infections that are difficult to cure.

These infections can be passed on to other people in a variety of ways. The most frequent transmission is usually caused by physical contact, mixing of body fluids, contact with the patient's feces, air, and through objects that the infected person has previously touched.

Indeed, the body is equipped with an immune system capable of fighting these foreign organisms. However, if the cause of the infection, whether it's a virus or bacteria, is too many, the immune system will be overwhelmed and eventually cause infectious diseases.

4 deadly infectious infections in Indonesia

There are several deadly infectious infections spread in Indonesia. From year to year, this infection has a large number of sufferers.

1. Tuberculosis (TB)

Tuberculosis is a deadly infectious disease caused by bacteria Myocabacterium tuberculosis . These bacteria are spread through the air, so when you breathe the same air as someone with tuberculosis, you will be more likely to catch these bacteria. Infections caused by these bacteria can be cured even though the process is not easy. The conditions of tuberculosis are divided into two groups:

Latent TB

These bacteria will infect your body, but it will remain in the body as inactive bacteria and do not cause any symptoms.

Active TB

In this condition, the infection already causes various symptoms and can be transmitted to other people. These active bacteria can cause symptoms such as cough and fever for more than 3 weeks, weight loss, shortness of breath, chest pain, and night sweats. If left untreated, it can cause coughing up blood and death.

In Indonesia, new cases caused by TB bacteria increased by 420,994 in 2017. According to WHO, there are 300 people who die every day because of this disease.

The number of men suffering from this disease is 1.4 times greater than that of women. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, the cause is because the number of men as active smokers is greater than that of women. In addition, men are less likely to take drugs regularly than women.

TB bacteria can be treated with the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine, which is a vaccine that is usually given to infants and children. However, if you think you have the TB bacteria, you can start a treatment called chemoprophylaxis, which is a medication that is done to prevent the development of this deadly infectious disease.

The longer it is left alone, the more difficult this disease is to treat. The more difficult this disease is treated, the more serious the sufferer's condition. If it's like this, the possibility of this disease causing death will be even higher.

2. Pneumonia

Pneumonia is a deadly contagious infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi. This disease can become very serious and deadly if not treated immediately.

This deadly contagious disease is caused by the body producing white blood cells to fight infection, so that the lungs become inflamed and bacteria and viruses actually fill the air sacs in the lungs with fluid.

Although it can affect people of all ages, this disease is generally more risky for toddlers, the elderly, and people with poor immune systems. This infection is spread through coughing, sneezing, or physical contact with an object that a person with pneumonia has touched.

This disease can still be cured. The healing can be done based on the cause:

• Pneumonia that occurs due to bacteria can be treated with antibiotics.
• Pneumonia caused by viruses can be treated by increasing endurance, resting and increasing fluid intake into the body.
• Pneumonia caused by a yeast infection can be treated with anti-fungal drugs.

In Indonesia, pneumonia is the second deadly disease that causes 23.8% of infant mortality and 15.5% of toddlers in 2007., there are new pneumonia cases of 20, 54% per 1000 balilta in Indonesia.

In addition, according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, the prevalence of pneumonia sufferers increased by two percent of the total population of Indonesia in 2018.

This data is taken based on the diagnosis of government health workers.

3. HIV / AIDS

HIV is a virus that attacks the human immune system. If left unchecked, HIV can lead to AIDS. AIDS is a deadly sexually transmitted disease.

HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, contact with a patient's blood, from mother to child in her womb, or through the process of breastfeeding. Without treatment, HIV can damage and weaken your immune system until you get AIDS.

Symptoms that may arise if contracting this virus depend on its severity. Early symptoms of contracting the HIV virus are:

• High fever
• Headache
• Muscle and bone pain
• Sore throat and area in the mouth
• Skin rash
• Swollen lymph nodes

Meanwhile, if you are already infected with the HIV virus, you can only slow down the progression of the virus. If you do not do any treatment, within 10 years, this virus will turn into AIDS.

When it turns into AIDS, your immune system will be damaged. You will be more susceptible to various kinds of infections and cancer.

This is usually characterized by the following symptoms:

• Cold sweat at night
• Persistent fever
• Acute diarrhea
• Persistent white spots on the tongue
• Constantly feeling tired
• Losing weight drastically
• Skin rash or blackened areas of the skin

In Indonesia, in 2017, HIV / AIDS sufferers aged 15 years and over had reached 628,492 people, while the death rate from sufferers of this disease was 40,468 people. This shows that HIV / AIDS is still very common in this country.

Unfortunately, there is no, or at least not yet found, a cure for this disease. There are only drugs that can slow the progression of this disease so drastically that people with HIV / AIDS can survive for a longer time.

4. Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is a disease caused by infection with the hepatitis B virus. In certain cases, this disease can become a serious disease that is not easily curable. In fact, this deadly contagious disease can last up to 6 months or longer.

If you are already infected with Hepatitis B, your risk of developing liver diseases such as cancer and cirrhosis will increase. In adults, this disease will be easier to cure, while healing this disease will be more difficult if done in infants and toddlers.

This disease is usually characterized by symptoms such as:

• Dark urine
• Fever
• Knee pain
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weakness and fatigue easily
• Yellow skin and whites of the eyes

If it reaches a severe point, this disease becomes a deadly contagious infection that can endanger your life. Transmission of this disease can only occur vertically, namely from a mother to the child she is carrying.

According to data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, in 2017, the population of Indonesian people affected by Hepatitis B was 7.1%. Although the exact death rate of hepatitis B sufferers is not yet known, it does not necessarily mean that this disease is not deadly.