Acid phosphatase activity & bull; hello healthy

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Definition

What is acid phosphatase activity?

Phosphoric acid can be found in a variety of body tissues, including liver, red blood cells, bone marrow and platelets. However, this enzyme is most commonly found in the prostate gland in the form of isoenzymes (or prostate phosphoric acid).

In general, this enzyme will increase if you have prostate cancer that has spread from the prostate to other parts of the body, especially the bones. The high number of enzymes indicates the rate of metastasis.

Phosphoric acid is also present in high concentrations in semen. Therefore, this test can also be performed on the vagina for the investigation of rape cases.

High amounts of acid are also present in white blood cells, especially in mono-white blood cells (the adult form of macrophages) and lymph nodes which are useful for diagnosing lymphatic system disorders and hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Acid phosphatase is a lysosomal hydrolytic enzyme. Therefore, an increase in the concentration of acid phosphatase can indicate certain diseases, such as Gaucher disease and Niemann-Pick disease.

In men, half of the total acid phosphatase is found in the prostate, while the rest is found in the liver, spleen, blood cells and bone marrow. Meanwhile, in women, all phosphoric acid is found only in the liver, red blood cells, and platelets.

When should I undergo acid phosphatase activity?

This test is done to:

• diagnose prostate cancer and prostate abnormalities
• predicts recurrence of prostate cancer after surgical removal of the prostate
• evaluate the effectiveness of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests done at the same time

Currently, this test is usually discontinued because more accurate tests such as the Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) test have been found.

Precautions & warnings

What should I know before undergoing acid phosphatase activity?

• alkaline phosphatase and phosphoric acid are two similar enzymes that are differentiated by the pH level. Certain diseases can deceive high phosphoric acid levels by increasing the amount of alkaline phosphatase
• in men, inaccurate levels of phosphoric acid can appear after a digital test (eg cystoscopy) because the test stimulates the prostate
• drugs that increase the level of phosphoric acid include alglucerase, androgens (in women) and clofibrate
• drugs that lower enzyme levels include alcohol, fluoride, heparin, oxalate and phosphate

Observe warnings and precautions before undergoing this test. If you have any questions, please consult a doctor for further information and instructions.

Process

What should I do before undergoing acid phosphatase activity?

The doctor will explain the whole set of test procedures. Calm and relax. Some patients may panic before undergoing the test and require psychological support.

You don't need to fast before having this test. At the time of the test, it is recommended that you wear short-sleeved clothing to make it easier to collect blood samples from your hands.

What is the process of acid phosphatase activity?

The medical personnel in charge of drawing your blood will take the following steps:

• wrap an elastic belt around your upper arm to stop blood flow. This makes the blood vessel under the bundle enlarge making it easier to insert the needle into the vessel
• clean the area to be injected with alcohol
• inject a needle into a vein. More than one needle may be required.
• Insert the tube into the syringe to fill it with blood
• untie the knot from your arm when enough blood is drawn
• sticking gauze or cotton on the injection site, after the injection is complete
• apply pressure to the area and then put a bandage on

It is possible that the doctor will take a second blood sample (also known as a standing blood sample). These samples are taken at intervals of 4 hours from the first test during which you are required to stand and walk.

What should I do after undergoing acid phosphatase activity?

Some people may feel pain when the needle is inserted into the skin. But for most people, the pain will fade away when the needle is right in the vein. Generally, the level of pain experienced depends on the nurse's expertise, the condition of the blood vessels, and the person's sensitivity to pain.

After going through the blood draw process, wrap your hands with a bandage. Press the vein lightly to stop the bleeding. After doing the test, you can carry out your activities as usual.

If you have any questions regarding the test process, please consult your doctor for further instructions.

Explanation of the Test Results

What do my test results mean?

Normal

The test results may vary depending on the laboratory you choose. Usually, the normal range of each test will be written on the test result paper. Discuss with your doctor or health professional for more information.

Normal range

• adults / seniors: 0.13-0.63 unit / L (Roy, Brower, Hayden 37 ° C) or 2.2-10.5 unit / L (SI unit)
• children: 8.6-12.6 units / ml (30 ° C)
• infant: 10.4-16.4 units / ml (30 ° C)

Abnormal

If your test results are in the abnormal range, you may have:

• prostate cancer
• benign hypertrophy of the prostate gland
• prostatitis
• myeloma
• Paget disease (bone disease)
• hyperparathyroidism
• metastases to bone
• multi-bone tumor
• sickle cells crisis
• essential thrombocythemia (ET)
• lysosome abnormalities (eg Gaucher disease)
• Kidney illness
• liver disease (eg cirrhosis)
• rape

The normal range for this medical technique depends on the laboratory you choose. Please discuss with your doctor if you have any questions about your test results.