Propranolol: functions, dosage, side effects, how to use

What is the drug propranolol?

What is propranolol for?

Propranolol is a beta-blocker drug with a function to treat high blood pressure, irregular heartbeats, shaking (tremors), and other conditions. This drug is used after a heart attack to increase the chance of survival. Propranolol is also used to prevent migraines and chest pain (angina). Lowering blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. Preventing chest pain can help improve your ability to perform activities.

This medication works to block the action of certain natural chemicals in your body (such as epinephrine) that affect your heart and blood vessels. This effect reduces heart rate, blood pressure, and strain on the heart muscles.

OTHER USES: This section lists uses for this drug that are not listed on approved labels, but may be prescribed by your healthcare professional. Use this medication for the conditions listed below only if it has been prescribed by your doctor and health care professional.

This medication has also been used to control signs of anxiety disorders or hyperthyroidism.

The propranolol dosage and side effects of propranolol are described further below.

How is propranolol used?

Take this medication only by mouth, generally 2 - 4 times a day or as prescribed by your doctor. Take this medicine before meals (and at bedtime, if you schedule 4 times a day). Measure out liquid medicine with a spoon or the special medicine tool provided, if any. If not available, ask your pharmacist for a measuring spoon. Don't use a household spoon to avoid giving the wrong dose.

The dosage is always given based on your health condition and how you respond to therapy.

Take this medicine regularly to get optimal benefits. To help you remember, take this medication at the same time each day. It is important to continue taking this medication even if you feel better. Do not stop using this medication before consulting a doctor.

Propranolol is used to help prevent chest pain or migraines. This medicine should not be used to treat chest pain or migraines at the time of an attack. Use other medications (such as nitroglycerin tablets placed under the tongue for chest pain, sumatripan for migraines) to relieve seizures, as directed by your doctor. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

If you are also taking medications to lower cholesterol (spleen acid-binding resin such as cholestyramine or colestipol), take Propranolol at least 1 hour before or 4 hours after the diabetes treatment.

For the treatment of high blood pressure, it may take 1 to 2 weeks before you feel the benefits of this drug.

Tell your doctor if your condition worsens (for example, your regular blood pressure reading goes up, your chest pain and migraines appear more frequently).

How is propranolol stored?

This medication is best stored at room temperature, away from direct light and damp places. Don't keep it in the bathroom. Don't freeze it. Other brands of this drug may have different storage rules. Observe the storage instructions on the product package or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medicines away from children and pets.

Do not flush medicines down the toilet or down the drain unless instructed to do so. Discard this product when it has expired or when it is no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company about how to safely dispose of your product.

Propranolol dosage

The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment.

What is the propranolol dosage for adults?

The usual adult dosage for Hypertension

Initial dosage:

Immediate-release: 40 mg orally 2 times a day

Sustained-release: 80 mg orally once a day

Sustained-release XL: 80 mg orally once per day at bedtime

Maintenance dosage:

Immediate-release: 120 - 240 mg orally per day

Sustained-release: 120 - 160 mg orally per day

80 - 120 mg taken once per day at bedtime

Maximum dosage:

IR / SR: 640 mg / day

XR: 120 mg / day

The usual adult dosage for Angina Pectoris

Immediate-release: A total daily dose of 80 - 320 mg taken 2-4 times a day has been reported to increase tolerance levels for activity and reduce changes in ischemia on the ECG.

Sustained-release:

Initial dose: 80 mg taken once a day. The dose should be increased gradually at intervals of 3 - 7 days. The optimal dose averages about 160 mg once a day

Maximum dose: 320 mg / day

The usual adult dosage for Arrhythmias

Immediate-release: 10-30 mg taken 3 to 4 times a day, before meals and at bedtime

IV: 1 - 3 mg adjusted so that the rate does not exceed 1 mg / min. Sufficient time must be provided for the drug to reach the point of pain even if circulation is slow. The second dose can be given after 2 minutes. Thereafter, additional medication should not be given in less than 4 hours.

The usual adult dosage for myocardial infection

Immediate-release:

Initial dose: 40 mg orally 3 times a day for a month, then increase the dose to 60-80 mg, orally 3 times a day.

Maintenance dose: 180 - 240 mg orally per day in divided doses (2 - 4 times daily)

Maximum dose: 240 mg / day

The usual adult dose for Migraine Prophylaxis

Immediate-release:

Initial dose: 80 mg taken directly daily in divided doses

Maintenance dose: 160 - 240 mg orally per day in divided doses

Sustained-release:

Initial dose: 80 mg orally daily in divided doses

Maintenance dose: 160 - 240 mg orally per day

Maximum dose: 160 - 240 mg / day

The usual adult dosage for Benign Essential Tremor

Immediate-release:

Initial dose: 40 mg orally 2 times a day

Maintenance dose: 120 - 320 mg orally per day

The usual adult dosage for aortic stenosis

Immediate-release: 20 to 40 mg taken 3 to 4 times daily, before meals and at bedtime.

Sustained-release: 80 to 160 mg taken once daily

Use: Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis

The usual adult dosage for Pheochromocytoma

Immediate-release:

Before surgical procedure: 60 mg orally in divided doses for 3 days before surgery as adjunct therapy to alpha-adrenegic inhibition.

Management of inoperable tumors: 30 mg taken daily in divided doses as adjunctive therapy to alpha-adrenegic inhibition.

The usual adult dosage for Atrial Fibrillation

Immediate-release:

10 - 30 mg orally 3 or 4 times a day before meals and at bedtime

What is the dose of propranolol for children?

Usual children's dosage for Arrhythmias

Oral:

Initial dose: 0.5 - 1 mg / kg / day in divided doses every 6 to 8 hours; increase the dose every 3-5 days

Daily dose: 2 - 4 mg / kg / day; high doses may be required; do not exceed 16 mg / kg / day

IV:

0.01 - 0.1 mg / kg IV injection slowly over 10 minutes

Maximum dose: 1 mg (infant); 3 mg (children)

Usual children's dosage for Hypertension

Children

Immediate-release

Initial dose: 0.5 - 1 mg / kg / day in divided doses every 6 to 12 hours; increase the dose gradually every 5 - 7 days

Daily dose: 1 - 5 mg / kg / day

Maximum dose: 8 mg / kg / day

Children and adolescents 1 to 17 years

Immediate-release

Initial dose: 1 - 2 mg / kg / day in 2 to 3 divided doses / day, titrate the dose according to patient response to treatment

Maximum dose: 4 mg / kg / day up to 640 mg / kg / day; Continuous effect dosage formulas can be given once / day (source: National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents).

Typical children's dosage for Thyrotoxicosis

Oral

Neonatal: 2 mg / kg / day in divided doses every 6 to 12 hours; higher doses may be needed over time.

Adolescents: 10 - 40 mg / given every 6 hours

Usual children's dosage for hemangioma

Propranolol oral solution 4.28 mg / ml:

Initial therapy for ages 5 weeks - 5 months:

Initial dose: 0.15 ml / kg (0.6 mg / kg) orally 2 times / day with a gap of at least 9 hours.

After 1 week: increase dose to 0.3 ml / kg (1.1 mg / kg) orally 2 times / day with at least 9 hours interval.

After 2 weeks: increase dose to 0.4 ml / kg (1.7 mg / kg) orally 2 times / day with a gap of at least 9 hours, continue dosing for up to 6 months.

In what dosage is propranolol available?

capsules: 60 mg; 80 mg; 120 mg; 160 mg

Propranolol side effects

What side effects can be experienced due to propranolol?

Seek immediate medical help if you experience any of the following signs of an allergic reaction: hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Tell your doctor right away if you experience the following serious side effects:

• fast, slow or irregular heartbeat
• lightheaded, passed out
• swelling of the heel or foot
• nausea, upper abdominal pain, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, pale stools, jaundice (yellowish skin or eyes);
• feels cold on the feet and hands
• depression, confusion, hallucinations
• severe skin reaction - fever, sore throat, swelling of the face or tongue, burning in the eyes, sore skin, followed by a reddish or purplish rash that spreads, especially on the face or upper body, causing the skin to blister and peel

The more common side effects include:

• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, stomach cramps
• decreased sexual appetite, impotence, difficulty achieving orgasm
• sleep problems (insomnia)
• feel tired

Not everyone experiences this side effect. There may be some side effects not listed above. If you have concerns about certain side effects, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Drug Precautions and Precautions for Propranolol

What should be known before using propranolol?

Before using certain drugs, consider the risks and benefits first. This is a decision you and your doctor will have to make. For this drug, pay attention to the following:

Allergy

Tell your doctor if you have any unusual or allergic reactions to this or any other medicine. Also tell your doctor if you have any other types of allergies such as to food, coloring, preservatives, or animal allergies. For over-the-counter products, read the labels on the packaging carefully.

Children

There are not enough studies that have studied the relationship between age and the effects of propranolol injection in pediatric patients. Safety and efficacy have not been determined.

Elderly

There are not enough studies to pinpoint specific problems related to the elderly that will limit the effects of propranolol injection in elderly patients. However, elderly patients are likely to have age-related liver, kidney, or heart problems that will require an adjustment in the dose before receiving propranolol injection.

Is propranolol safe for pregnant and lactating women?

There are no adequate studies regarding the risks of using this drug in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Always consult your doctor to weigh the potential benefits and risks before using this medication. This drug is included in the risk of pregnancy category C according to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

The following references the pregnancy risk categories according to the FDA:

A = Not at risk

B = No risk in several studies

C = May be risky

D = There is positive evidence of risk

X = Contraindicated

N = Unknown

Propranolol Drug Interactions

What medicines may interact with propranolol?

Taking this drug with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may not prescribe this drug to you or will replace some of the drugs you are already taking.

• Thioridazine

Using this medication with some of the medicines below is not usually recommended, but in some cases it may be necessary. If both drugs are prescribed for you, your doctor will usually change the dosage or determine how often you should take them.

• Albuterol
• Amiodarone
• Arformoterol
• Bambuterol
• Bupivacaine
• Bupivacaine Liposome
• Bupropion
• Clenbuterol
• Clonidine
• Clozapine
• Colterol
• Crizotinib
• Diatrizoate
• Diltiazem
• Dronedarone
• Epinephrine
• Eslicarbazepine Acetate
• Fenoldopam
• Phenoterol
• Fingolimod
• Fluoxetine
• Formoterol
• Haloperidol
• Hexoprenaline
• Indacaterol
• Isoetharine
• Lacosamide
• Levalbuterol
• Lidocaine
• Lomitapide
• Mefloquine
• Mepivacaine
• Metaproterenol
• Nilotinib
• Olodaterol
• Pirbuterol
• Pixantrone
• Prilocaine
• Procaterol
• Reproterol
• Ritodrine
• Salmeterol
• Simeprevir
• Terbutaline
• Tocophersolan
• Tretoquinol
• Tulobuterol
• Ulipristal
• Verapamil
• Vilanterol

Taking this medication with the drugs below may increase your risk of side effects, but in some cases, a combination of these two drugs may be the best treatment. If both drugs are prescribed for you, your doctor will usually change the dosage or determine how often you should take them.

• Acarbose
• Aceclofenac
• Acemetacin
• Acetohexamide
• Acetyldigoxin
• Alfuzosin
• Amlodipine
• Amtolmetin Guacil
• Arbutamine
• Aspirin
• Benfluorex
• Bromfenac
• Bufexamac
• Bunazosin
• Celecoxib
• Chlorpromazine
• Chlorpropamide
• Cholestyramine
• Choline Salicylate
• Cimetidine
• Clonixin
• Deslanoside
• Dexibuprofen
• Dexketoprofen
• Diclofenac
• Dislunisal
• Digitoxin
• Digoxin
• Dihydroergotamine
• Dipyrone
• Disopyramide
• Doxazosin
• Ergotamine
• Etodolac
• Etofenamate
• Etoricoxib
• Felbinac
• Felodipine
• Fenoprofen
• Fepradinol
• Feprazone
• Flecainide
• Floctafenine
• Flufenamic Acid
• Flurbiprofen
• Fluvoxamine
• Gliclazide
• Glimepiride
• Glipizide
• Gliquidone
• Glyburide
• Guar Gum
• Guggul
• Ibuprofen
• Ibuprofen Lysine
• Indomethacin
• Insulin
• Aspart Insulin, Recombinant
• Glulisine Insulin
• Lyspro Insulin, Recombinant
• Ketoprofen
• Ketorolac
• Lacidipine
• Lercanidipine
• Lornoxicam
• Loxoprofen
• Lumiracoxib
• Manidipine
• Meclofenamate
• Mefenamic Acid
• Meloxicam
• Metformin
• Metildigoxin
• Mibefradil
• Miglitol
• Morniflumate
• Moxisylyte
• Nabumetone
• Naproxen
• Nepafenac
• Nicardipine
• Nifedipine
• Niflumic Acid
• Nilvadipine
• Nimesulide
• Nimodipine
• Nisoldipine
• Nitrendipine
• Oxaprozin
• Oxyphenbutazone
• Parecoxib
• Phenoxybenzamine
• Phentolamine
• Phenylbutazone
• Phenylephrine
• Piketoprofen
• Piperine
• Piroxicam
• Pranidipine
• Pranoprofen
• Prazosin
• Proglumetacin
• Propoxyphene
• Propyphenazone
• Proquazone
• Quinidine
• Repaglinide
• Rifapentine
• Rizatriptan
• Rofecoxib
• Salicylic Acid
• Salsalate
• Sertraline
• Sodium Salicylate
• St. John's Wort
• Sulindac
• Tamsulosin
• Tenoxicam
• Terazosin
• Tiaprofenic Acid
• Tolazamide
• Tolbutamide
• Tolfenamic Acid
• Tolmetin
• Trimazosin
• Troglitazone
• Tubocurarine
• Urapidil
• Valdecoxib
• Zileuton

Can food or alcohol interact with propranolol?

Certain drugs should not be used with meals or when eating certain foods because drug interactions can occur. Consuming alcohol or tobacco with certain drugs can also cause interactions to occur. Discuss your use of drugs with food, alcohol, or tobacco with your health care provider.

What health conditions can interact with propranolol?

Any other health conditions you have can affect the use of this drug. Always tell your doctor if you have other health problems, especially:

• angina (severe chest pain) -may trigger chest pain if therapy is stopped too early
• asthma
• slow heart rate (bradycardia)
• heart blockage
• heart failure - should not be given to patients with this condition
• diabetes
• excess thyroid performance (hyperthyroidism)
• low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) - the effect of propranolol can mask some of the symptoms and signs of the disease, such as a fast heartbeat
• Kidney illness
• disease-use with caution. The effect may be increased due to the slower removal of the drug from the body
• lung diseases (such as bronchitis, emphysema) - can cause breathing difficulties in patients with these conditions
• wolff-parkinson-white syndrome (a rare heart condition) -can cause a very slow heart rate in patients with the condition.

Propranolol overdose

What should I do in an emergency or overdose?

In case of an emergency or overdose, contact the local emergency services provider (112) or immediately to the nearest hospital emergency department.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

If you forget a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, when it is nearing the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the usual dosing schedule. Don't double the dose.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.