Table of contents:
- Causes of miscarriage
- Types of miscarriage
- Abortion is threatened, the kind of miscarriage that can still be saved
- Incomplete and complete abortion
- Watch for bleeding during pregnancy
Miscarriage aka miscarriage or spontaneous abortion is the spontaneous failure of pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation, or before the fetus can live outside the womb. About 10-20% of pregnancies usually end in miscarriage. However, this figure could be even higher, because most women do not know that she is pregnant, and only realized it after a miscarriage.
Miscarriage most often occurs at less than 8 weeks of gestation. Miscarriage needs to be distinguished from babies who die after 20 weeks of gestation, because this is not referred to as a miscarriage, but is referred to as stillbirth (stillbirth).
Causes of miscarriage
Miscarriage can occur due to various causes, but not all cases of miscarriage can be found. However, most of the causes of miscarriage are not the mother's fault.
The cause of a miscarriage that is most often thought to be due to chromosomal abnormalities in the baby. If the baby has an excess or lack of chromosomes, the baby cannot develop normally. It is estimated that 2 out of 3 cases of miscarriage are due to chromosomal abnormalities.
Apart from chromosomal abnormalities, other factors that can cause miscarriage include:
- Placenta problems
- Maternal age, the older the mother is, the higher the risk of experiencing a miscarriage
- The habit of smoking mothers
- Maternal health problems, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism
- Viral or bacterial infection
Types of miscarriage
There are various types of miscarriage based on the medical world. Some of them are:
- Threatened miscarriage / threatened abortion
- Incomplete miscarriage / incomplete abortion
- Complete miscarriage / abortion complete
Abortion is threatened, the kind of miscarriage that can still be saved
Pregnant women who experience a threatened abortion will usually complain of bleeding from the birth canal in the form of spots that are bright red or slightly brown in color, and sometimes accompanied by lower abdominal pain or lower back pain. If you experience this, immediately come to a gynecologist for an internal examination and ultrasound to determine the condition of the fetus.
Pregnant women with abortion are in danger of having to rest bed rest for several days and avoiding strenuous activity, for at least two weeks. It is also advisable not to have sexual intercourse because it can lead to miscarriage.
Incomplete and complete abortion
In incomplete abortion, the pregnancy process can no longer be continued because part of the fetus has left the uterus. Pregnant women will experience more bleeding accompanied by worsening abdominal pain. In the blood that comes out, you can find something like flesh that comes out of the birth canal.
Meanwhile, complete abortion is a process of miscarriage in which the fetus has come out of the uterus completely. To find out for sure, it is necessary to do an internal examination by a gynecologist and this will be followed by an ultrasound examination. Depending on the results of the examination, the doctor can give drugs only or need to be curetted to clean the uterus.
Watch for bleeding during pregnancy
Apart from the three types of miscarriage described above, there are other types. But what you need to understand is that any bleeding during early pregnancy is a threat to the baby in your womb so if you, as a pregnant woman, experience this, don't hesitate to have your womb checked immediately.
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