Duane syndrome, a disorder that makes the eyeballs unable to move freely

Eyes are a gift that everyone has to see clearly. The eye can be moved to glance right, left, up, or down quickly and easily. However, did you know that some people can't look to the right or left like the normal eye? Yes, Duane's syndrome makes it difficult for people experiencing it to roll one or both eyes inward or outward. Here is the full review of the condition Duane syndrome.

What is Duane syndrome?

Duane's Syndrome is a rare eye disorder that is present from birth. The muscles and nerves around the eye don't function properly, this keeps the eye from moving properly.

This occurs when the nerves that control the eye muscles don't grow normally during pregnancy. As a result, some of the muscles that should be stretched and loosened when moved cannot function.

This syndrome does not cause blindness and has no other impact on health. Often times, only one eye develops this syndrome. However, 20 percent of people who have this syndrome have problems in both eyes.

Reporting from the WebMD page, there are three types of Duane syndrome, namely:

• Type 1: People who can't move their eyes who have Duane syndrome out of the ear. This is the most common type of Duane's syndrome.
• Type 2: The eye affected by Duane's syndrome cannot move in the nose.
• Type 3: Eyes affected by Duane syndrome cannot move inward or inward.

What causes Duane syndrome?

Experts suspect that something happens between the 3rd and 8th weeks of pregnancy to cause this syndrome. This is the time when the nerves and muscles of the baby's eye begin to develop.

As a result, there is abnormal development or failure to develop at all in the 6th cranial nerve. The 6th cranial nerve is the nerve that controls the lateral rectus muscle (the muscle that rolls the eye toward the ear).

Not only the 6th cranial nerve, it is suspected that there is a connection with the 3rd cranial nerve which normally controls the medial rectus muscle (the muscle that rolls the eyes towards the nose). If both nerves are disturbed, the abnormality occurs when the vision is outward and inward. The most common is disruption of the 6th cranial nerve.

Why the neurological development is disturbed is not yet known. The possibility of this condition is influenced by several things. For example, there are problems in certain genes or pregnant women are exposed to something in the environment. However, until now it has not been clear what actually causes this syndrome.

Symptoms of Duane syndrome

In most cases this is the main sign of restricted eye movement. In addition, the following characteristics can also be signs to watch out for:

• The position of the eye is not parallel to the right and left (called a squint or strabismus).
• Narrowing of the eyelids. One eye looks smaller than the other.
• Reduced vision in the affected eye.
• The affected eye appears to be rising and falling.
• Often tilt or turn their heads to try to keep their eyes straight.
• Some people also experience double vision and headaches.
• Experiencing neck pain due to frequent adjusting the position of the head.

What are the special treatments for people who have this syndrome?

There is no specific drug to treat Duane syndrome. Doctors usually provide a way to help the child see the future correctly. At school, children are usually placed in a special seat so they can see the front properly without having to move their head position.

So far no surgical technique has been completely successful in eliminating abnormal eye movements, because the cranial nerves that are causing these problems cannot be repaired or replaced.

Even if surgery is performed, surgery is usually performed to correct the alignment of the eye position that is too far away, to eliminate any disturbances in the abnormal part of the eyelid.

Other treatments are usually done to reduce symptoms such as headaches, double vision, or neck pain.