Aminophylline: functions, dosage, side effects, how to use

Use

What is Aminophylline for?

Aminophylline is a drug used to treat coughs and difficulty breathing due to prolonged lung disease (for example, asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis).

Aminophylline belongs to a class of drugs called xanthine. This drug acts in the airways by relaxing muscles, opening airways to restore breathing, and reducing the lung's response to foreign substances.

This medicine does not work right away and should not be used for sudden onset of respiratory problems. Your doctor should prescribe an instant medication or inhaler (eg albuterol) for sudden shortness of breath or asthma while you are using this medication.

You should always carry this instant sucker with you. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details.

How are the rules for using Aminophylline?

Aminophylline can be taken before or after meals. Usually this drug is taken 2-4 times or according to doctor's directions. If this medicine makes you upset your stomach, you may take it with food.

Do not crush or chew extension tablets because they can release all of the medicine at one time, which increases the risk of side effects.

Also, do not split the tablet if it does not have a dividing line on the medication, or if your doctor or pharmacist has not instructed you to do so. You can swallow or split the tablet without crushing or chewing it first.

The dose for this medicine is based on your medical condition, response to therapy, age, body weight, blood levels of the drug, and other medicines you may be taking.

Use this remedy regularly to get maximum results. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day. Tell your doctor if your condition doesn't get better or if it gets worse.

How to store Aminophylline?

Store the drug at room temperature, away from exposure to light and moisture. Don't store it in the bathroom and don't freeze it either. Different brands of drugs may have different storage methods.

Check the product box for instructions on how to store it, or ask the pharmacist. Keep medicines away from children and pets.

It is forbidden to flush the medicine in the toilet or throw it into the drain if not told to. Properly discard this product if it is past the deadline or is no longer needed.

Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal agency for more in-depth details on how to safely dispose of the product.

Dose

The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. ALWAYS consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting treatment.

What is the Aminophylline dosage for adults?

Intravenous (IV): all doses based on aminophylline - patients not receiving aminophyline or theophylline

• Loading dose: 6 mg / kg in 100-200 mL IV fluid by infusion once every 20-30 minutes.
• Maintenance dose (after initial dose):
• Healthy adult who does not smoke: 0.7 mg / kg / hour continuous intravenous infusion.
• Young adult smokers: 0.9 mg / kg / hour continuous intravenous fluid infusion.
• Patients with cor pulmonale or congestive heart failure: 0.25 mg / kg / hour continuous intravenous infusion.

Oral: Patients who are not receiving aminophylline or theophylline

• Initial dose (Loading Dose): 6.3 mg / kg orally once.
• Maintenance dose: (after initial dose):
• Healthy adult who does not smoke: 12.5 mg / kg / day in separate doses. Do not exceed 1.125 mg / day.
• Young adult smokers: 19 mg / kg / day in separate doses.
• Patients with cor pulmonale or congestive heart failure: 6.25 mg / kg / day in separate doses. Do not exceed 500 mg / day.

What is the dosage of Aminophylline for children?

Children's dosage for premature apnea

Infants 4 weeks and older: (IV or oral, all doses based on aminophylline):

• Loading dose: (Patients not receiving aminophylline or theophylline): 5-6 mg / kg once — when diluted in IV fluids and given intravenously once for 20-30 minutes.
• Maintenance dose: 3-8 mg / kg / day separately every 6-12 hours

Children's dosage for acute asthma

IV: (all doses based on aminophylline and patients not receiving aminophylline or theophylline):

• Loading dose for relief of asthma: 6 mg / kg diluted in IV fluids by infusion once for 20-30 minutes.
• Maintenance dose (after the dose of administration):
• 6 weeks-6 months: 0.5 mg / kg / hour continuous intravenous infusion.
• 6 months-1 year: 0.6-0.7 mg / kg / hour continuous intravenous infusion.
• 1-9 years: 1-1.2 mg / kg / hour continuous intravenous infusion.
• 9-12 years: 0.9 mg / kg / hour continuous intravenous infusion.
• > 12 years: 0.7 mg / kg / hour continuous intravenous infusion.

Oral: (Patients who do not receive aminophylline or theophylline):

• Loading dose: 6.3 mg / kg orally once.
• Maintenance dose (after the dose of administration):
• 42 - 182 days: 12-13.5 mg / kg / day in separate doses.
• 6 - 12 months: 15-22.5 mg / kg / day in separate doses.
• 1 - 9 years: 25-30 mg / kg / day in separate doses.
• 9-12 years: 17-20 mg / kg / day in separate doses.
• 12 - 16 years: 15-17 mg / kg in separate doses.
• 16 years and over: 6.25-20 mg / kg in separate doses.

In what dosage and preparation is Aminophylline available?

The drug is available as an injection and tablet solution: 105 mg / 5 ml.

Side effects

What side effects may occur due to Aminophylline?

If you experience any of the following serious side effects, stop using aminophylline and seek medical attention immediately:

• Allergic reactions (difficulty breathing, narrowing of the throat, swelling of the lips, tongue, or face or hives)
• Convulsions
• Increased or irregular heartbeat or
• Severe nausea or vomiting.
• Chest pain

Other, less severe side effects may also occur, although they rarely occur at the correct dosage. Continue taking aminophylline and talk to your doctor if you experience:

• Mild nausea, decreased appetite, or weight loss
• Restlessness, shaking or insomnia or
• Headache, feel like passing out, or feel dizzy.
• The amount of urine increases

There are also side effects that do not require medical assistance, as they will disappear over time as you adapt to this drug, which include:

• Mild headaches
• Easy to get angry
• It's hard to sleep, can't even sleep at all
• Always feel less rested

Not everyone experiences the side effects that have been mentioned. There may be some side effects not listed above. If you have concerns about certain side effects, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

Precautions & Warnings

What should be known before using Aminophylline?

Before using this medicine to cure asthma, tell your doctor and pharmacist:

• If you are allergic to aminophylline or other drugs

• Regarding the list of prescription drugs you are currently taking, especially
  • allopurinol (Zyloprim)
  • azithromycin (Zithromax)
  • carbamazepine (Tegretol)
  • cimetidine (Tagamet)
  • ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
  • clarithromycin (Biaxin)
  • diuretics (water pills')
  • erythromycin
  • lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid)
  • oral contraceptives
  • phenytoin (Dilantin)
  • prednisone (Deltasone)
  • propranolol (Inderal)
  • rifampin (Rifadin)
  • tetracycline (Sumycin)
  • other medicines for infection or heart disease.

• Regarding prescription and nonprescription drugs that you are taking, especially over-the-counter medicines containing ephedrine, epinephrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, or pseudoephedrine. Many over-the-counter medicines contain these drugs (for example, diet pills and cold and asthma medications), so check labels carefully. Do not take this medication without talking to your doctor because it can increase the side effects of aminophylline.

• If you have had or have had seizures, heart disease, an overactive thyroid gland, high blood pressure, or liver disease or you have a history of alcohol abuse.

• If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. If you become pregnant while using aminophylline, call your doctor.

• If you use tobacco products. Smoking may affect the mechanism of action of aminophylline in your body.

Is Aminophylline safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women?

The absorption of aminophylline in your body may change if you are pregnant. However, in animal studies, in amounts three times the recommended dose for humans, no signs of defects were shown.

Even so, there are not adequate studies regarding the risks of using this drug in pregnant or breastfeeding women. Always consult your doctor to weigh the potential benefits and risks before using this medication.

This drug is included in the pregnancy risk category C based on the category established by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

FDA pregnancy risk categories:

• A = Not at risk
• B = No risk in several studies
• C = May be risky
• D = There is positive evidence of risk
• X = Contraindicated
• N = Unknown

Meanwhile, aminophylline can pass into breast milk and can affect the baby. Do not take aminophylline if you are breastfeeding without talking to your doctor beforehand if you are breastfeeding.

Interaction

What medicines may interact with Aminophylline?

Drug interactions may change how medications work or increase the risk of serious side effects. This article does not list all possible drug interactions with aminophylline.

Keep a list of all the medicinal products you use (including prescription / nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and tell your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change your dose without your doctor's approval.

• Alcohol
• Cimetidine (Tagamet, Tagamet HB)
• Fluoroquinolone antibiotics such as enoxacin (Penetrex), lomefloxacin (Maxaquin), ciprofloxacin (Cipro), norfloxacin (Noroxin), and ofloxacin (Floxin)
• Clarithromycin (Biaxin) and erythromycin (Ery-Tab, E.E.S., E-Mycin, and so on)
• Disulfiram (Antabuse)
• Estrogens (Ogen, Premarin, and many other types)
• Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
• Methotrexate (Folex, Rheumatrex)
• Mexiletine (Mexitil) and propafenone (Rythmol)
• Propranolol (Inderal)
• Tacrine (Cognex)
• Ticlopidine (Ticlid) and
• Verapamil (Verelan, Calan, Isoptin).

The following medicines may reduce the level of aminophylline in the blood, making asthma even more difficult to control:

• Aminoglutethimide (Cytadren),
• Carbamazepine (Tegretol),
• Isoproterenol (Isuprel),
• Moricizine (Ethmozine),
• Phenobarbital (Luminal, Solfoton),
• Phenytoin (Dilantin),
• Rifampin (Rifadin), and
• Sucralfate (Carafate).

Can food or alcohol interact with Aminophylline?

Certain drugs cannot be used with meals or when eating certain foods because drug interactions can occur.

Consuming alcohol or tobacco with certain drugs can also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with a healthcare professional about using drugs with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

What health conditions can interact with Aminophylline?

The presence of other medical disorders may affect the use of drugs that can be used to treat bronchitis. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, in particular:

• Congestive heart failure
• Cor pulmonale (heart condition)
• A fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit or more for 24 hours or more
• Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or
• Infection, severe (example: sepsis)
• Kidney disease in infants less than 3 months old
• Liver disease (example: cirrhosis, hepatitis)
• Pulmonary edema (a lung condition)
• Shock (a serious condition with very little blood flow to the body) - use medications with caution. The effect may increase due to the slower disposal of the drug from the body.
• Heart rhythm disturbances (example: arrhythmia)
• Seizures, or history
• Stomach ulcers - use with caution. It is possible that the use of this drug could make your condition worse.

Overdose

What should I do in an emergency or overdose?

In case of an emergency or overdose, contact the local emergency services provider (119) or immediately to the nearest hospital emergency department.

Symptoms of an aminophylline overdose include nausea, vomiting, headache, insomnia, tremors (shaking or jerking hands), restlessness, convulsions, and irregular heartbeat.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

If you forget a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, when it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and return to the usual dosing schedule. Don't double the dose.

Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.